Arienne Dwyer

College of Liberal Arts and Sciences - Anthropology, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences

Professor

Co-Director, Institute for Digital Research in the Humanities

Ph.D., Chinese and Altaic Linguistics, University of Washington

anthlinguist AT ku.edu

Primary office:

785-864-2649

Fraser Hall
Room 638

University of Kansas

1415 Jayhawk Boulevard

Lawrence, KS 66045-7590

Bio
Academics
Publications
Presentations
Contracts/Grants

Arienne M. Dwyer is a Professor of Linguistic Anthropology and Co-Director of the Institute for Digital Research in the Humanities at the University of Kansas. Her research focuses on language contact and language ideology. She has conducted 20 years of local research with individuals and communities in Inner and Central Asia (on Turkic-Mongolic-Sinitic-Tibetic language contact), and has directed a number of collaborative documentation and archiving projects, including Salar (1991-1993, Fulbright), Kazakh (1993, Fulbright), Uyghur dialectology, language ideology and verb typology (2002-2003, ACLS, 2011-2014, NSF), Salar, Monguor, Baonan and Wutun (2000-2005, 2007-2008 Volkswagen-DOBES), Kyrgyz folklore and language policy (2004 and 2008, respectively, Open Society Institute), and archaic German dialects in Kansas (2005).

Internationally she acts as a consultant on language documentation and multimedia annotation and archiving (IMDI, UNESCO, EMELD), on social science research methods (Open Society Institute, Trace Foundation), has chaired the Linguistic Society of America’s Committee on Endangered Language Preservation (CELP), and has organized conferences and summer schools on language resources and technology, the Digital Tools Summit in Linguistics (DTSL), Towards Interoperability in Language Resources (TILR), and Co-Lang 2012: Institute for Language Research.

She is currently working on Middle Turkic (Chaghatay) texts from the Jarring Collection, focusing on healing and medicine and on XML technologies ( https://uyghur.ittc.ku.edu/atmo.html). In addition, she and her research teams continue to enhance a major primary resource on language contact in Inner Asia (Interactive Inner Asia, https://iaia.ittc.ku.edu) and another longitudinal corpus of the Central Asian Uyghur language (Uyghur Light Verbs, https://uyghur.ittc.ku.edu/uylvs.html)

Education

Ph.D., Chinese and Altaic Linguistics, University of Washington

M.A., Chinese Language and Literature, University of Washington

B.A., Linguistics, University of British Columbia

Teaching Interests

Language contact, language documentation, language revitalization, language ideology
Digital humanities
Historical linguistics
Linguistic typology
China
Central Asia
Uyghur language and culture
Turkic languages
Chinese languages

Research

Language Contact and variation (areal processes, linguistic creolization, discourse and ideologies)

Digital Humanities, Corpora, Media Archives, cyberinfrastructure: Methods, tools, cultural practices and standards for analyzing data and representing knowledge; XML, Unicode.

China; Chinese Inner Asia (especially Xinjiang and Qinghai); Kyrgyzstan

Language Endangerment and Revitalization; Less-commonly taught language pedagogy

Sinitic, Turkic, and Mongolic languages

Performance, narratology and ethnopoetics

Research Interests

Language contact, language documentation, language technology, language ideology
Digital humanities
Media archiving
China
Central Asia
Chaghatay
Uyghur
Wutun
Monguor
Salar
Baonan
Kyrgyz
Language change and climate change.

Selected Publications

Dwyer, A. M (2017). Manuscript Technologies, Writing and Reading in Early 20th Century Kashgar. In I. Bellér-Hann, S. Jun, & B. Schlyter (Eds.), Kashgar Revisited: The Life and Work of Ambassador Gunnar Jarring. Brill. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/23399

Dwyer, A. M (2016). Bringing Digital Data Management into Methods Courses: Linguistic Anthropology Module. In . (Ed.), Bringing Digital Data Management Training into Methods Courses for Anthropology. Arlington, Va: American Anthropological Association. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/23399 http://tinyurl.com/jzajrec (Full URL: http://www.americananthro.org/LearnAndTeach/Content.aspx?ItemNumber=20650&navItemNumber=20708

Dwyer, A. M. (2016). Endangered Turkic languages of China. In S. Eker & &. Çelik Şavk (Eds.), Tehlikedeki Türk Dilleri: Kuramsal ve genel yaklaşımlar / Endangered Turkic Languages: Theoretical and general approaches (Vol. 1, pp. 431–450). Ankara: International Turkic Academy and Astana: International Turkish-Kazakh University. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/23398

Dwyer, A. M, Lloyd-Smith, L., Oths, K., & Perry, G. H (2016). General Principles and Practices of Digital Data Management. In B. Femenías (Ed.), Bringing Digital Data Management Training into Methods Courses for Anthropology. Arlington, Va: American Anthropological Association. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/22670 http://tinyurl.com/zqtluj8

Dwyer, A. M (2016). Ordinary insubordination as transient discourse. In N. Evans & H. Watanabe (Eds.), Insubordination (pp. 183–208). Benjamins. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/22671

Rosenblum, B., & Dwyer, A. M (2016). Co-piloting a digital humanities center: a critical reflection on a libraries-academic partnership. In J. W White & H. Gilbert (Eds.), Laying the Foundation: Digital Humanities in Academic Libraries (pp. 111–126). Purdue University Press. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/23400

Engesæth, T., Yakup, M., & Dwyer, A. (2010). Teklimakandin Salam: hazirqi zaman Uyghur tili qollanmisi / Greetings from the Teklimakan: a handbook of Modern Uyghur, Lawrence, Kansas: University of Kansas ScholarWorks. http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/dspace/handle/1808/5624

» Show All Publications

All Publications

Dwyer, A. M. (in press). Ordinary insubordination as transient discourse. In H. Watanabe & N. Evans (Eds.), Insubordination. Amsterdam: Benjamins.

Dwyer, A. M (2017). Manuscript Technologies, Writing and Reading in Early 20th Century Kashgar. In I. Bellér-Hann, S. Jun, & B. Schlyter (Eds.), Kashgar Revisited: The Life and Work of Ambassador Gunnar Jarring. Brill. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/23399

Dwyer, A. M (2016). Bringing Digital Data Management into Methods Courses: Linguistic Anthropology Module. In . (Ed.), Bringing Digital Data Management Training into Methods Courses for Anthropology. Arlington, Va: American Anthropological Association. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/23399 http://tinyurl.com/jzajrec (Full URL: http://www.americananthro.org/LearnAndTeach/Content.aspx?ItemNumber=20650&navItemNumber=20708

Dwyer, A. M. (2016). Endangered Turkic languages of China. In S. Eker & &. Çelik Şavk (Eds.), Tehlikedeki Türk Dilleri: Kuramsal ve genel yaklaşımlar / Endangered Turkic Languages: Theoretical and general approaches (Vol. 1, pp. 431–450). Ankara: International Turkic Academy and Astana: International Turkish-Kazakh University. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/23398

Dwyer, A. M, Lloyd-Smith, L., Oths, K., & Perry, G. H (2016). General Principles and Practices of Digital Data Management. In B. Femenías (Ed.), Bringing Digital Data Management Training into Methods Courses for Anthropology. Arlington, Va: American Anthropological Association. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/22670 http://tinyurl.com/zqtluj8

Dwyer, A. M (2016). Ordinary insubordination as transient discourse. In N. Evans & H. Watanabe (Eds.), Insubordination (pp. 183–208). Benjamins. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/22671

Rosenblum, B., & Dwyer, A. M (2016). Co-piloting a digital humanities center: a critical reflection on a libraries-academic partnership. In J. W White & H. Gilbert (Eds.), Laying the Foundation: Digital Humanities in Academic Libraries (pp. 111–126). Purdue University Press. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/23400

Dwyer, A. M. (2016). On writing, reading, and scripts in early 20th century Kashgar. In I. Beller-Hann (Ed.), Kashgar Revisited: The Life and Work of Ambassador Gunnar Jarring. Brill.

Rosenblum, B., & Dwyer, A. M (2016). Co-piloting a digital humanities center: a critical reflection on a libraries-academic partnership. In A. Noll (Ed.), Data Driven: Digital Humanities in the Library. Purdue University Press.

Dwyer, A. M (2015). Annotated Uyghur texts (., et al.). Uyghur Light Verbs project. https://uyghur.ittc.ku.edu/uylvs.html.

Dwyer, A. M., & Sperberg-McQueen, C. (2015). Annotating Turki Manuscripts from the Jarring Collection Online. https://uyghur.ittc.ku.edu/atmo.html.

Sperberg-McQueen, C., & Dwyer, A. M (2014). XQuery databases for linguistic resources in the IAIA and UyLVs projects. https://uyghur.ittc.ku.edu/2013/intros/DH2013.xml

Dwyer, A. M. (2014). China's Language Policy Goes Global. World Politics Review. http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/13760/china-s-language-policy-goes-global

Dwyer, A. M. (2013). Clause Chaining in Salar. In M. Erdal, Y. Koç, & M. Cengiz (Eds.), Dilleri ve Kültürleri Yok Olma Tehlikesine Maruz Türk Toplulukları konulu 4. Uluslararası Türkiyat Araştırmaları Bildirileri (pp. 209-215). Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Yayınları.

Dwyer, A. M. (2013). Tibetan as a dominant Sprachbund language: its interactions with neighboring languages. In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on the Tibetan Language (pp. 258–280). New York: Trace Foundation.

Dwyer, A. M (2013). Published database - public release of (1) Twenty-three annotated texts (lO-8Opp each, = ca. 800pp.) ; (2) Publication of the technical specifications of the annotation (which involve analytic research decisions) (C. M. Sperberg-McQueen, (. Eziz (Aizezi), T. Major, & R. Rosenkrans). The Uyghur Light Verbs project. http://uyghur.ittc.ku.edu/2013/intros/texts.html

Dwyer, A. M (2013). Six annotated texts (each 1 hour of recording=ca. 17-100 pages each, 400 pp total), (2) Sketch grammars of two languages: Baonan and SE Monguor. (C. M. Sperberg-McQueen, J. Meerkreebs, G. Cabras, & C. Watson, et al.). Interactive Inner Asia project . http://iaia.ittc.ku.edu/texts/index.php

Dwyer, A. M. (2012). Tools and techniques for endangered-language assessment and revitalization. In . Trace Foundation (Ed.), Minority Language in Today's Global Society. New York: Trace Foundation. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7109

Dwyer, A. M. (2012). [Review of Handbook of Descriptive Fieldwork, by by Shobhana Chelliah and Willem de Reuse (2011)]. Language, 88(4), 899–904.

Dwyer, A. M. (2011). Uprooted and replanted: recontextualizing a genre. Türk Dilleri Araştırmaları [Research on Turkic Languages], 21, 47-82. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7052

Dwyer, A. M. (2010). Models of Successful Cooperation. In L. A. Grenoble & N. Louanna Furbee (Eds.), Language Documentation: Practice and Values (pp. 193–212). Amsterdam: Benjamins. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7054

Engesæth, T., Yakup, M., & Dwyer, A. (2010). Teklimakandin Salam: hazirqi zaman Uyghur tili qollanmisi / Greetings from the Teklimakan: a handbook of Modern Uyghur, Lawrence, Kansas: University of Kansas ScholarWorks. http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/dspace/handle/1808/5624

Dwyer, A. M. (2008). Bridal Laments in the Turkic World: A Casualty of Modernity? In C. Herzog & B. Pusch (Eds.), Groups, Ideologies and Discourses: Glimpses of the Turkish Speaking World (pp. 131–143). Würzburg: Ergon. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7053

Dwyer, A. M. (2008). Tonogenesis in Southeastern Monguor. In K. David Harrison, D. Rood, & A. Dwyer (Eds.), Lessons from documented endangered languages (pp. 111–128). Amsterdam: Benjamins. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7055

Harrison, K. David, Rood, D., & Dwyer, A. (Eds.). (2008). Typological Studies in Language 78. Lessons from documented endangered languages (K. David Harrison, D. Rood, & A. Dwyer, Eds.). Amsterdam: Benjamins. http://www.amazon.com/Documented-Endangered-Languages-Typological-Language/dp/9027229902

Dwyer, A. M. (2007). Syncretism in Salar Love Songs. In F. Kıral, B. Pusch, C. Schönig, & A. Yumrul (Eds.), Cultural Changes in the Turkic World (pp. 147–160). Würzburg: Ergon. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7056

Dwyer, A. M. (2007). Ética y aspectos prácticos del trabajo de campo cooperative. In J. Haviland & J. Antonio Flores Farfan (Eds.), Bases de la documentación lingüística (pp. 49-89). Mexico City: Instituto Nacional de Lenguas Indígenas. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7058

Dwyer, A. M. (2007). Salar: a study in Inner Asian areal contact processes, Part I: Phonology, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.

Wagner, M., Flitsch, M., Winterstein, C., Lehmann, H., Heußner, K., Ren, X., Xiao, Y., Cai, H., Wulf-Rheidt, U., Tarasov, P., & Dwyer, A. (2007). Traditionelles Bauen und Wohnen der Salar in Nordwest-China [Traditional Construction and Living of the Salars in Northwest China]. Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran und Turan , 39, 128–234. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7600

Dwyer, A. M. (2007). [Review of A Grammar of Mangghuer: A Mongolic Language on China’s Qinghai-Gansu Sprachbund, by by Keith Slater. London/New York: RoutledgeCurzon]. Journal of Asian Studies, 66(1), 244–246.

Dwyer, A. M. (2007). [Review of Folktales of China’s Minhe Mangghuer, by by Kevin Stuart, Keith W. Slater, Wang Xianzhen et al. (2005)]. Asian Folklore Studies, 66(1–2), 269–271.

Dwyer, A. M. (2006). Ethics and practicalities of cooperative fieldwork and analysis. In J. Gippert, N. Himmelmann, & U. Mosel (Eds.), Fundamentals of Language Documentation: A Handbook (pp. 31-66). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7058

Dwyer, A. M. (2006). Historische Fragen zur Ethnogenese der Salaren [Historical Questions on Salar Ethnogenesis]. In . (Ed.), Turkologie für das 21. Jahrhundert : Herausforderungen zwischen Tradition und Moderne (pp. 95–108). Wiesbaden: Veröffentlichungen der Societas Uralo-Altaica 70. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7057

Dwyer, A. M. (2006). [Review of Huzhu Mongghul Folklore: Texts and Translations, by Limusishiden and Kevin Stuart, and of Huzhu Mongghul Texts: Chileb 1983–1996 Selections, Vols I + II, by Limusishiden, Jugui, and Kevin Stuart]. Asian Folklore Studies, 65(1), 108–112.

Dwyer, A. M. (2005). Policy Studies 15. The Xinjiang Conflict: Uyghur Identity, Language Policy, and Political Discourse, Washington, D.C.: East-West Center Washington. http://www.eastwestcenter.org/fileadmin/stored/pdfs/PS015.pdf

Dwyer, A. M. (as “Areienne [sic] Dwyer”) (2005). The Minorities of China. In . (Ed.), The Encyclopedia of the World’s Minorities. (pp. 286-294). New York: Routledge. http://www.amazon.com/Encyclopedia-Worlds-Minorities-Carl-Skutsch/dp/157958392X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1291164174&sr=1-1 http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7110

Dwyer, A. M. (2004). Genetics and Linguistics: The Possibilities for Cooperation. In Proceedings of the (Re)Searching Life symposium. Lawrence, KS: University of Kansas.

Gibbon, D., Whalen, D., & Dwyer, A. M. (2003). International Journal Initiative: Language Documentation and Heritage. In Maintaining the Links. Language, Identity and the Land. Proceedings of the Seventh FEL Conference.

Brenzinger, M., Dwyer, A. M., de Graaf, T., Grinevald, C., Krauss, M., Miyaoka, O., Ostler, N., Sakiyama, O., Villalón, M. E., Yamamoto, A. Y., & Zepeda, O. (2003). Language Vitality and Endangerment. UNESCO, adopted March 2003. http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/doc/src/00120-EN.pdf

Brenzinger, M., Dwyer, A. M., de Graaf, T., Grinevald, C., Krauss, M., Miyaoka, O., Ostler, N., Sakiyama, O., Villalón, M. E., Yamamoto, A. Y., & Zepeda, O. (2003). Recommendations for action plans. UNESCO, adopted March 2003. http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/doc/src/00117-EN.pdf

Johnson, H., & Dwyer, A. (2002). Customizing the IMDI metadata schema for endangered languages. In Proceedings of the International LREC [Language Resources and Evaluation Conference] Workshop on Resources and Tools in Field Linguistics (pp. 5-1–5-5). http://www.mpi.nl/lrec/2002/papers/lrec-pap-05-JohnsonDwyer.pdf

Wittenberg, P., Mosel, U., & Dwyer, A. (2002). The DOBES Archive: goals and long-term prospects. In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (Vol. 1, pp. 36-42). Paris: ELRA. http://www.lrec-conf.org/lrec2002/

Dwyer, A. M. (2002). The Turkic Languages. In D. Levinson & K. Christensen (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Asia (Vol. 6, pp. 1-3). New York: Scribner’s. http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/dspace/handle/1808/7111

Anton-Luca, A., & Dwyer, A. (2002). Ethnographic Methods Workshop Teaching Materials (rendered in Tibetan as “Lecture Notes from the 2002 Sichuan, Gansu, and Qinghai tri-province Tibetan Folk Culture Research Methodology Class”). Folk Art and Literature, 4, 1-57.

Dwyer, A. M. (2001). Uyghur. In J. Garry & C. Rubino (Eds.), Facts About the World’s Languages: An Encyclopedia of the World’s Major Languages, Past and Present. New York/Dublin: HW Wilson Press. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7111

Dwyer, A. M. (2000). Direct and Indirect Experience in Salar. In B. Utas & L. Johanson (Eds.), Evidentials. Turkic, Iranian and neighbouring languages (pp. 45-59). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/dspace/handle/1808/7064

Dwyer, A. (2000). Consonantalization and Obfuscation. In A. Göksel & C. Kerslake (Eds.), Turcologica 46. Studies on Turkish and Turkic Languages. Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Turkish Linguistics. Lincoln College, Oxford, 12-14 August 1998 (pp. 423-432). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7112

Dwyer, A. M. (2000). [Review of Central Asian Place-names – Lop nor and Tarim area – An Attempt at Classification and Explanation Based on Sven Hedin’s Diaries and Published Works, by by Gunnar Jarring (1997)]. Turkic Languages , 4(1), 286–288. http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/dspace/handle/1808/7068

Dwyer, A. M. (1998). Language Contact in Qumul. Journal of Central Asian Studies , 3(1), 30-41. http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/dspace/handle/1808/7065

Dwyer, A. M. (1998). The Turkic Stratigraphy of Salar: An Oghuz in Chagatay Clothes? Turkic Languages , 2(1), 49-83. http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/dspace/handle/1808/7066

Dwyer, A. M. (1998). The Texture of Tongues: Languages and Power in China. Nationalism and Ethnic Politics , 4(1/2), 68-85. http://www.amazon.com/Nationalism-Ethnoregional-Identities-Routledge-Ethnicity/dp/0714644765/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1291162650&sr=1-1 http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/dspace/handle/1808/7067

Dwyer, A. M. (1998). [Review of Word-Order Change and Grammaticalization in the History of Chinese, by by Chaofen Sun]. China Review International , 5(2), 561–567.

Dwyer, A. (1997). The Uyghurs. In . (Ed.), China: Minority Peoples Profiles. Washington D.C: The World Bank.

Dwyer, A. M. (1995). From the Northwestern Chinese Sprachbund: Xúnhuà Chinese Dialect Data. 從中國西北部的語言區域關係體: 循化話語言材料., 1, 143-182. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7090

Dwyer, A. M. (1995). [Review of Mythology and Folklore of the Hui, A Muslim Chinese People, by by Shujiang Li and Karl Luckert]. China Review International, 2(2), 504-510. http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/dspace/handle/1808/6888

Dwyer, A. M. (1995). Salar and Sarïgh Yoghur (Yellow Uyghur) dictionaries published in China. Central Asiatic Journal, 39(2) http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/dspace/handle/1808/6885

Dwyer, A. M. (1994). The Salars of China: from Central Asia to the Yellow River plateau., 9-20. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/6887

Dwyer, A. M. (1994). Materials for the study of Modern Uyghur published in China. Central Asiatic Journal, 38(2), 155–159. http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/dspace/handle/1808/6883

Dwyer, A. M. (1992). Altaic Elements in the Línxià dialect [of NW Chinese]: Contact-induced Change on the Yellow River Plateau / 臨夏方言的阿爾台語成分: 黃河高原的語言交叉及其變化 (in English). Journal of Chinese Linguistics , 20(1), 160-179. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/6884

» Show Selected Publications

Selected Presentations

Dwyer, A. (07/19/2013). XQuery databases for the UyLVs and IAIA projects. Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations. Lincoln, NB

Selected Grants

Dwyer, Arienne M., (Co-Principal), Schultz, Tanja J., (Co-Principal), Automated Speech Recognition for Uyghur, NSF-IIS 1519164, U.S. National Science Foundation, Information & Intelligent Systems, http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1519164, $27,338, Submitted 11/01/2014 (02/15/2015 - 07/31/2016) . Federal. Status: Funded.

Dwyer, Arienne M., (Principal), Interactive Inner Asia: documenting an endangered language contact area, $264,220, (05/01/2011 - 07/31/2016) . Original funding $259,220; Supplementary REG funding for Benjamin J Gray, ("Southwestern Kansan Corn Farmers’ Cultural Models of Groundwater and its Use"), Summer 2015, $5,000;No-cost extension in Jan 2015. Federal. Status: Funded.

Dwyer, Arienne M., (Principal), Light verbs in Uyghur, U.S. NSF-Linguistics http://nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1053152Project website: http://uyghur.ittc.ku.edu, $327,960, (01/01/2011 - 12/31/2015) . No-cost extension in Jan 2015; project web page: https://uyghur.ittc.ku.edu/uylvs.html. Federal. Status: Funded.

Dwyer, Arienne M., (Principal), Co-Lang: Institute for Collaborative Language Documentation Training, NSF-BCS 1065469, $190,344, (01/01/2011 - 12/31/2013) . Federal. Status: Funded.

Dwyer, Arienne M., (Collaborator), Aristar, Anthony, (Principal), Dry, Helen, (Principal), Language and Location: A Multimodal Annotation Project (LL-MAP), $18,000, (01/01/2006 - 12/31/2008) . Federal. Status: Funded.

Dwyer, Arienne M., (Principal), Aristar-Dry, Helen, (Co-Principal), Aristar, Anthony, (Co-Principal), Towards Interoperability in Language Resources, NSF-BCS 0709732, NSF-Linguistics, (01/01/2006 - 12/31/2007) . Federal. Status: Funded.

Dwyer, Arienne M., (Principal), Digital Tools Summit in Linguistics, NSF-BCS 0624048, NSF-CISE, NSF-Linguistics, $24,973, - 12/31/2006) . Federal. Status: Funded.

Dwyer, Arienne M., Language Contact and Variation: A Discourse-based Grammar of Monguor, FA 52154-05, NEH-NSF Documenting Endangered Languages program, $40,000, (01/01/2005 - 12/31/2006) . Federal. Status: Funded.